Essay about Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck - 594 Words

George Milton is a very small man but he is also clever and witty. George is Lennie’s closest friend and he is also a good friend to him since he assured Lennie’s Aunt Clara that he would look after him by taking care of him. He tends to look after all of Lennie’s matters and actions such as trying to get him out of trouble. George needs Lennie to be his friend and this is not because of Lennie’s potency in helping to get them jobs but so he wouldn’t live in solitude. George’s threats to Lennie are never serious since he is proud of him most of the time. George and Lennie have the same dream and their dream is to own lands and they’re also very determined in working hard so that they can get the money that’s needed in buying the land.†¦show more content†¦George frequently plays solitaire when he’s at the ranch but he plays it without Lennie. If George didn’t have Lennie as a friend, he would probably be so lonely. Although George gets aggravated with Lennie’s mental incompetence, he still feels sympathetic towards him since he is his closest friend. Lennie lets George to be in charge of everything such as thinking about their future plans and giving advice. Without Lennie, George would probably be irresponsible so Lennie contributes to George being responsible. At the end of the novel, George kills Lennie so he ends up being responsible for his death. George also understands that Lennie doesn’t understand guilt, death, and murder in the way that adults do other than it being a â€Å"bad thing†. Sometimes, George also teaches Lennie to understand that there might be some unfair consequences for his actions. Unfortunately, George doesn’t recognize how perilous Lennie can be and this is what deteriorates their dream. George and Lennie follow the â€Å"American Dream† and their dream sets George apart from other people since his dream only involves himself and Lennie. Lennie sees their dream as having rabbits in the ranch but George sees it in a more sensible way. George sees their ranch as place where they can be themselves by being independent and secure. He also sees it as a place where they can be safe and responsible forShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck973 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: I. Background A. John Steinbeck was born on February 27th, 1902 in Salinas, California. 1. Salinas River was one of the few centers for shipping, farming, and agriculture a. John Steinbeck worked as an employed laborer, digging canals and working beside men similar to characters in his novels. 2. In a discussion John Steinbeck said, I worked in the same country that the story is laid in. The characters are composites to a certain extent. Lennie was a real person. Hes in an insaneRead MoreOf Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck842 Words   |  4 Pages it was not uncommon to become morosely secluded while working. Men would go far away from their families in search of any jobs they could get, with only themselves to confide in; colleagues only filling in the void of friends and family partially. Naturally, John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men, written during this period, would reflect this fact as a major aspect of the story. Loneliness would become the sinew of Of Mice and Men, manifested in some of the story’s main characters: Candy, CrooksRead MoreOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthis expression to stress the fact that there are and will be difficulties in life. John Steinbeck, in his novella Of Mice and Men, does not fall short of the same views. It takes place in the year 1937, a period associated with the Great Depression, and illustrates the hardships of the time, and more so those that laborers such as George and Lennie experience. Life proves to be full of disappointments for both men who are victims of harsh circumstances in more ways than one. The two have a dreamRead MoreThe And Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1549 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will be exploring the role of women in the texts ‘DNA’ by Dennis Kelly and ‘Of Mice and Men’ by John Steinbeck. Both texts are quite dissimilar for the most part, with ‘DNA’ being a contemporary play, dealing with problems faced by modern youth groups and ‘Of Mice and Men’ being a classic novella. Set in the 1930’s, the novella tells a story of two migrant workers who flee to Salinas, California, for work. In spite of this, both explore the presentation of female characters similarlyRead MoreOf Mi ce And Men By John Steinbeck894 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay John Steinbeck once said, â€Å"A journey is a person in itself; no two are alike. And all plans, safeguards, policing, and coercion are fruitless. We find that after years of struggle that we do not take a trip; a trip takes us†. In his novella, Of Mice and Men, two men go on an unexpected journey in search for their dream of happiness. There are many themes that come from their journey such as, the gilded American dream, the bond of male friendships, the power of women and femininityRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1433 Words   |  6 PagesI am writing a literary essay on the novella, Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. I will be responding to the question describe an important character and explain how the character helped you understand an important message. In the novella, Of Mice and Men, written by John Steinbeck, two characters, Crooks and Curley’s wife, help me understand the message ‘Discrimination isolates people’. The book takes place in Soledad, California, mid 1930’s, during the Great Depression, at a time when discriminationRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1747 Words   |  7 Pages Of Mice and Men is a tragedy And The Pearl is a parable. Author s Name John Steinbeck -Title of Work #1: Of Mice and Men -Genre: Tragedy -Evidence of Genre (explain what makes the work an example of the genre): Tragedy is a branch of literature that uses a serious and dignified style the sad or unfortunate events encountered or caused by a heroic individual. In Of Mice and Men George and Lennie face a lot of tragic events. -Complete Summary of Work: Of Mice and Men is theRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe novel ‘Of Mice and Men’, written by John Steinbeck, is set near the Salinas River in California, America during the Great Depression between 1930-1939. The Great Depression was a distressing time in the history of America as the unemployment rate was high which in turn led to poverty and hunger. During this time, many struggled to find work and this steered them to travel long distances, often without having anyone to talk to. Dreams were crafted by this travelling workforce and were somethingRead MoreMice Of Men By John Steinbeck785 Words   |  4 Pages It was an hopeless time period. For George in steinbeck s book mice of men by John Steinbeck,it was the great depression.This was a time period of a deep and dark economic downturn that affected the whole country. While the story focuses on George and Lennie s struggles through this hopeless time.They were best buds that got along great. They went to farm to farm as migrant works to get there pay. George had to take care of Lennie throughout the book and pick up the pieces, but lennie was a kindRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1400 Words   |  6 PagesOf Mice and Men, it is not just a band! Of Mice and Men was originally a short novel written by John Steinbeck in the 1930s. Regardless of the shortness in length, though, it is a rather deep and emotional book with quite a few messages behind the fictional storyline. These messages, however, cannot be discovered right off the bat. To genuinely absorb the messages Steinbeck teaches and actually understand the meaning behind them, one must read the book in its entirety. Steinbeck educates readers

The Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S

In today’s day and age when people think of country music they imagine the classics, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, George Strait and many more. When people think of a redneck, they imagine a diehard country boy, who loves his country with a confederate flag in one hand and a beer in the other. But that is our generations take on these two words. The real question here is what did those two words mean to the people who came up with them and defined them. It couldn’t have been easy. It was no surprise that people were still recovering from the Great Depression and the more recent recession. Families were left destitute, men were working factory jobs for less than minimum wage, if that, and people had just about given up hope. In the time of†¦show more content†¦This was huge for individuals considering people were being grouped together under general labels, such as â€Å"white trash†, â€Å"hillbilly† and â€Å"redneck†. Not only were they bei ng grouped, it was being publicized on talk shows, through music, books, movies, news outlets and many more forms of media. What the upper-class people failed to see when they were stereotyping was, â€Å"While these labels developed in different contexts and are sometimes used in different ways, they have evolved into virtually synonymous labels demarcating a problematic whiteness polluted by poverty and rural culture† (Southern Rock Musicians: Construction of White Trash Pg.207). Middle and upper class men and women felt the need to put poor, white families down to make themselves seem that much higher up, but in reality it was an out for taking responsibility for patriarchy. If anything these titles the poor, white men were given were just a way to define inequalities and social problems that society wanted to make apparent to hide from their own personal problems. When America today sees a Confederate Flag being flown or displayed, there is usually a controversy that occurs. People in todays society still believe that it is a symbol of racism and just inappropriate to be flying considering our country’s history. Obviously not much has changed since the 1970’s. People back then believed it was racial bigotry and a symbol of uneducated white trash. To an extent thisShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S1104 Words   |  5 Pagesage when people think of country music they imagine the classics, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, George Strait and many more. When people think of a redneck, they imagine a diehard country boy, who loves his country with a confederate flag in one hand and a beer in the other. But that is our generations take on these two words. The real question here is what did those two words mean to the people who came up with them and defined them. It couldn’t have been easy. It was no su rprise that people were stillRead MoreThe Role of Government in Economy1216 Words   |  5 Pagesessay discusses the role of government by analyzing both thought of Keynes and Friedman and then prove the effectiveness of Friedman’s theory with historical examples. Firstly, the Great Depression of the 1930s has helped prove the importance of government’s intervention on the economy in the past. The Great Depression started with a decrease in stock prices in America and then quickly spread to most parts of the world (McElvaine, 1993, p 59). There was a tremendous decrease on the demand and globalRead MoreThe Great Depression Shaped Economic Theory, Social Life, And People s View Of A Market Economy1157 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression shaped economic theory, social life, and people’s view of a market economy in general. The capitalist economic system seemed to be on the verge of collapse. Something drastic needed to be done in order to get society out of the depression. In his famous book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keyes attempted to show how economics and the market functioned and he proposed different approaches to creating government policy to guide the economy post war. Read MoreThe Grea t Depression Of The 1920s1346 Words   |  6 Pages The Wall Street stock market crashed in October 1929 and this triggered the beginning of a Depression for many nations of the developed world. The crash sent the city of New York into economic chaos and although the Great Depression began as an American problem, it was soon felt throughout most of the developed nations during the 1930s by crippling their economies (Schedvin, 1970). The Great Depression was the harshest and longest lasting economic down fall in history and as a result there wereRead MoreThe Advancement Of Medicine And Technology1599 Words   |  7 Pagesmedical research. To this day, scientists are yet to discover cures for diseases and cancers that take the lives of millions of people annually. For those that live with horrifying illnesses, death does not always seem to be the worst idea. Depression and other mental illnesses are known to drive victims into high stress situations and eventually suicide. Over 30,000 people in the United States die annually because of suicide, and considering ninety percent of those deaths have direct ties to mentalRead MoreThe Great Depression By Herbert Hoover1445 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression, beginning in 1929, was a time when the world’s economy rapidly collapsed and majorly affected several continents. This ‘depression’ lasted until around 1941, and throughout that time, mo st people were focused on North America, mainly the United States, but other continents, such Latin America, also witnessed this great tragedy. For the United States, the Great Depression was one of the most profound economic decrease in its history. Several reasons contributed to this greatRead MoreJohn Maynard Keynes Transformed Economics In The 20Th Century1507 Words   |  7 Pagestranspired because of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the subsequent depression that highlighted the shortcomings of the traditional theories, especially in regards to employment that remained excessively high for a prolonged period. The Keynesian school of thought became the mainstream economic guidance from the 1940’s to 1970’s, with Keynes heavily involved in aiding the post war recovery until his death in 1946. The 1970’s, however, observed the beginning of a movement away from the doctrineRead MoreThe End Of World War I969 Words   |  4 Pagesbuying goods on credit. The Great Depression was the worst in American history and lasted until 1939 before America started in War preparations for World War II. It was afte r 1945 when men came home and reentered the work force that quality of life improved and we begin to see the rise of the middle class. Pre-World War II the Great Depression which lasted from 1929-1939 created 15% unemployment. Many lost their homes, cars, and life style. Prior to the great depression the U.S. went into a recessionRead MoreThe Lecture, Capitalism Hits The Fan By Richard Wolff902 Words   |  4 Pagesmentioned relating two historical parallels. In the 1930’s, there was a great crisis that is being compared to what is happening now. Since 1929 to 1939 Wolff explains how presidents Hoover and Roosevelt tried may policies that we currently see today in Washington. Over those years it didn’t work, which meant we couldn’t get out of the depression. Getting out of the depression, a change happened which was called World War ll. Lastly, people thinking it will be a quick and easy fix. For example, theRead MoreIdeologies Are Developed Through The Evolution Of Liberalism1183 Words   |  5 Pageslevels of government involvement. The source is a statement that encourages self-interest and opposes government interference in society. The viewpoint in the source reflects a capitalist view, similar to and possibly inspired by Adam Smith s theories. People who would support or agree with such a view are typically more conservative and wish to respect and follow traditional values. Liberal democratic societies often have differing degrees of government intervention that are determined by its citizens The Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S In today’s day and age when people think of country music they imagine the classics, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, George Strait and many more. When people think of a redneck, they imagine a diehard country boy, who loves his country with a confederate flag in one hand and a beer in the other. But that is our generations take on these two words. The real question here is what did those two words mean to the people who came up with them and defined them. It couldn’t have been easy. It was no surprise that people were still recovering from the Great Depression and the more recent recession. Families were left destitute, men were working factory jobs for less than minimum wage, if that, and people had just about given up hope. In the time of turmoil and pain, these people of the 1970’s found a way to give themselves something to believe in. The songs that the artists wrote, sang and performed gave these individuals something to believe in and something to look forward to. One day they knew they could have that dream. Sure, not all of the country music at the time was upbeat and about the future. It dwelled on the past like the Great Depression and when Americans lost everything, but it made the people of the 1970’s want to work that much harder to make something of themselves. People were determined to take a stand and make a change. The development of â€Å"redneck† and â€Å"country† culture came from the idea of a better life for the people of America in the 1970’s. This occurred withShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S1099 Words   |  5 Pagesage when people think of country music they imagine the classics, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, George Strait and many more. When people think of a redneck, they imagine a diehard country boy, who loves his country with a confederate flag in one hand and a beer in the other. But that is our generations take on these two words. The real question h ere is what did those two words mean to the people who came up with them and defined them. It couldn’t have been easy. It was no surprise that people were stillRead MoreThe Role of Government in Economy1216 Words   |  5 Pagesessay discusses the role of government by analyzing both thought of Keynes and Friedman and then prove the effectiveness of Friedman’s theory with historical examples. Firstly, the Great Depression of the 1930s has helped prove the importance of government’s intervention on the economy in the past. The Great Depression started with a decrease in stock prices in America and then quickly spread to most parts of the world (McElvaine, 1993, p 59). There was a tremendous decrease on the demand and globalRead MoreThe Great Depression Shaped Economic Theory, Social Life, And People s View Of A Market Economy1157 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression shaped economic theory, social life, and people’s view of a market economy in general. The capitalist economic system seemed to be on the verge of collapse. Something drastic needed to be done in order to get society out of the depression. In his famous book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keyes attempted to show how economics and the market functioned and he proposed different approaches to creating government policy to guide the economy post war. Read MoreThe Grea t Depression Of The 1920s1346 Words   |  6 Pages The Wall Street stock market crashed in October 1929 and this triggered the beginning of a Depression for many nations of the developed world. The crash sent the city of New York into economic chaos and although the Great Depression began as an American problem, it was soon felt throughout most of the developed nations during the 1930s by crippling their economies (Schedvin, 1970). The Great Depression was the harshest and longest lasting economic down fall in history and as a result there wereRead MoreThe Advancement Of Medicine And Technology1599 Words   |  7 Pagesmedical research. To this day, scientists are yet to discover cures for diseases and cancers that take the lives of millions of people annually. For those that live with horrifying illnesses, death does not always seem to be the worst idea. Depression and other mental illnesses are known to drive victims into high stress situations and eventually suicide. Over 30,000 people in the United States die annually because of suicide, and considering ninety percent of those deaths have direct ties to mentalRead MoreThe Great Depression By Herbert Hoover1445 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression, beginning in 1929, was a time when the world’s economy rapidly collapsed and majorly affected several continents. This ‘depression’ lasted until around 1941, and throughout that time, mo st people were focused on North America, mainly the United States, but other continents, such Latin America, also witnessed this great tragedy. For the United States, the Great Depression was one of the most profound economic decrease in its history. Several reasons contributed to this greatRead MoreJohn Maynard Keynes Transformed Economics In The 20Th Century1507 Words   |  7 Pagestranspired because of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the subsequent depression that highlighted the shortcomings of the traditional theories, especially in regards to employment that remained excessively high for a prolonged period. The Keynesian school of thought became the mainstream economic guidance from the 1940’s to 1970’s, with Keynes heavily involved in aiding the post war recovery until his death in 1946. The 1970’s, however, observed the beginning of a movement away from the doctrineRead MoreThe End Of World War I969 Words   |  4 Pagesbuying goods on credit. The Great Depression was the worst in American history and lasted until 1939 before America started in War preparations for World War II. It was afte r 1945 when men came home and reentered the work force that quality of life improved and we begin to see the rise of the middle class. Pre-World War II the Great Depression which lasted from 1929-1939 created 15% unemployment. Many lost their homes, cars, and life style. Prior to the great depression the U.S. went into a recessionRead MoreThe Lecture, Capitalism Hits The Fan By Richard Wolff902 Words   |  4 Pagesmentioned relating two historical parallels. In the 1930’s, there was a great crisis that is being compared to what is happening now. Since 1929 to 1939 Wolff explains how presidents Hoover and Roosevelt tried may policies that we currently see today in Washington. Over those years it didn’t work, which meant we couldn’t get out of the depression. Getting out of the depression, a change happened which was called World War ll. Lastly, people thinking it will be a quick and easy fix. For example, theRead MoreIdeologies Are Developed Through The Evolution Of Liberalism1183 Words   |  5 Pageslevels of government involvement. The source is a statement that encourages self-interest and opposes government interference in society. The viewpoint in the source reflects a capitalist view, similar to and possibly inspired by Adam Smith s theories. People who would support or agree with such a view are typically more conservative and wish to respect and follow traditional values. Liberal democratic societies often have differing degrees of government intervention that are determined by its citizens

Scarlett Letter Sin Essay Free Essays

The Different Shades of Sins An Irish Proverb states â€Å"All Sins cast long shadows. † Throughout the novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne viewed the sins as a spectrum of many colors. The novel revolves around Hester Prynne, who is convicted of adultery in colonial Salem by the Puritan society. We will write a custom essay sample on Scarlett Letter Sin Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now For her punishment, she is condemned to wear the red scarlet letter â€Å"A† on her chest as a permanent sign of her sin. Exposing to sin and the temptation of its concealment in capricious degrees, Nathaniel Hawthorne demonstrated the different shades of sins through the actions of several main characters, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth. In the beginning of the book, we learn Hester Prynne committed the sin of adultery. Although meant to crush Hester’s spirit, she is proud of her sin and becomes a strong, tough minded character. While the author Hawthorne has Puritan heritage, he portrays Hester as one of the most â€Å"able† of people in Salem because she confessed her sin. While the religious and high ranking citizens of Salem continue to ridicule her for being and adulteress, â€Å"many people refused to interpret the scarlet A by its original signification† (168). The product of this sin was Hester’s daughter Pearl. Unlike the way of the Puritans, Hester creates â€Å"beauty, shining through the gorgeous robes† (87) of Pearl, and thus Pearl stands out in crowds. To Hester, her sin was marrying someone she did not love, Roger Chillingworth. In the eyes of Hester and Dimmesdale, they are not â€Å"the worst sinners in the world. There is one worse than even the polluted priest! That old man’s revenge has been blacker than my sin. He has violated, in cold blood, the sanctity of a human heart. Thou and I, Hester, never did so! † (225) Going against the heart is the greatest sin possible to Hester and Dimmesdale and their â€Å"sin† was between two people who truly loved each other. Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale is the father of Pearl and the one who committed the sin of adultery with Hester. As a man of high power in Salem, he does not confess the sin and the mental guilt would slowly kill him. Eventually, â€Å"his moral force was abased into more than childish weakness† (105) Through the ability Hester has shown and the miserable state of Dimmesdale, Hawthorne shows the power of confessing a sin. In an attempt to escape for their pasts, Hester, Pearl, and Dimmesdale plan to leave Salem. However, Roger Chillingworth, Hester’s legal husband, also catches a ride on the same boat. Returning to Salem, Hester, Dimmesdale, and Pearl go the scaffold, the place where Hester is originally condemned. In his dieing moments, Dimmesdale confesses his sin in front of the townspeople while also revealing a self inflicted â€Å"A† on his chest. Of all the sinners, Roger Chillingworth was the biggest. First, his sin of marrying a younger women and sending her over sees causes the adultery claim. When he arrives in Salem and learns of this, he commits his biggest sin†¦ violating the human heart. Rather than Hester’s adultery being her sin, Hawthorne goes against Puritan values by making violating the heart Hester’s true sin. At first, Chillingworth asks Hester to â€Å"speak out the name of thy fellow-sinner and fellow-sufferer! † (56) When she refuses, Chillingworth becomes an evil man, becoming uglier by the day. This shows that an unconfessed sin will kill you. Eventually, he becomes aware of the adultery with Hester and becomes Dimmesdale’s â€Å"leech. † After Dimmesdale dies, Chillingworth dies because he has no reason to live anymore. Based on Puritan beliefs, sin is an inescapable aspect of life. Hawthorne shows that Dimmesdale and Chillingworth both die because of their hidden sin. Contrary to this Hester, who confessed, lives a long, happy life. Since sin is inescapable, the only way to make up for it is by confessing or else the sin swill shadow you forever. How to cite Scarlett Letter Sin Essay, Essay examples

Very Necessary free essay sample

Salt-N-Pepa Very Necessary Salt, Pepa and Spinderilla are back with their fourth album, Very Necessary and this is by far the one album that outshines the rest. In the beginning they had a hard core rap approach, but theyve recently mellowed out to more of a hip-hop style. With Very Necessary exploding all over the charts two hit singles and a world tour in the works you could definitely say that this is their year. Their lead single, Shoop, shows that Salt-N-Pepa can attract a wide audience. The song is all over the place, including top 40 radio stations, MTV, BET, and is topping the sales charts. The single went as far as number four on Billboards music chart, but that is only one side of the coin. Their latest song, Whatta Man, teams them up with hip-hop R group En Vogue, whose three top 10 singles made them popular in 1992. Whatta Man, is about Salt-N-Pepas idea of what a man should really be like, while at the same time being a groovy tune. We will write a custom essay sample on Very Necessary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The single is heading toward platinum (sales of a million) and may be the first chart topper for the trio. But Salt-N-Pepa also wants to show that theyre serious about certain subjects, as seen on their ballad Ive Got AIDS. Considering the success of this album, Salt-N-Pepa hopes that many people will get their point that AIDS is a killer disease. Perhaps someone as popular as this group will be able to get the message across. This song involves a group of teenagers acting out a scenario of a girl who finds out she has been infected with the virus. The album continues to be on a roll, and Im sure that everyone has heard one of their songs, whether on the radio or their appearance on Saturday Night Live. If you didnt like what you heard at first, give it a try anyway. I think this album has a lot of different music styles and catchy beats. Very Necessary is by far their best album to date, and there are the sales to prove it (even though their past albums have all had success). So try it; youre bound to like it. . Review by I. W., New City, NY

Tips and Tricks to Identify Effects for Each Cause

Tips and Tricks to Identify Effects for Each Cause The first rule of essay writing is to remember there are multiple types of essay one can write. The chances are high you’ll have to work on all of them at some point of your university education and after. If you work as an essay  writer, there’ll come the time when you’ll receive a special assignment that requires a particular type of essay writing, and your job is to make that happen. Cause and effect essay is just one example, but it’s poorly understood. Some may regard it as complicated, but once you learn how to create a functional outline, it will be easier. To help you out, I’m going to show you how to construct cause and effect paper successfully. You’ll see, it’s easier than it seems! How differentiate cause and effect? Let’s start with the definition first. Cause and effect essays are concerned with why things occur (causes) and their outcomes (effects). This type of writing poses as a standard method of organizing and discussing ideas. Here, the author demonstrates his/her ability to connect the reasons and their consequences in a logical and evidence-based manner. Naturally, a cause is an answer to why a particular event occurs and effect refers to things that happen because of it. Although the explanation is quite simple, many students find it difficult to differentiate causes and effects. Since the successful completion of your paper depends on the ability to know the difference between causes and effects, you should take your time with this. There’s no reason to rush and construct your outline when you aren’t sure how to set apart two main factors. For example, global warming is an effect whose causes are deforestation, pollution, climate change and so on. To determine the cause, you should ask yourself â€Å"Why did this happen?† while effects are usually the answers you get after asking â€Å"What happe ed because of this?† In the example mentioned above, you have global warming as an effect of multiple causes. This allows you to complete your essay discussing different factors that contributed to global warming while citing official sources, respected journals, and so on. In a way, cause and effect essay is similar to an argumentative essay. You have to prove certain cause led to some particular effect, just like argumentative essay writing requires showing that your argument about some subject is valid. When you’re in doubt, always ask yourself why and what, and you’ll get your answer. Sometimes you won’t have to describe both causes and effects throughout the essay. In some instances, you’ll just have to explain causes of some effect or effects that occurred due to some cause. Structure of cause and effect essay As mentioned above, adequate structure and proper outline are the keys in the successful completion of cause and effect essay. The structure of your work will depend on the type of subject i.e. whether the essay will discuss both causes and effects combined or one of these factors individually. Below, you can see three possible variants and their outlines. Variation #1: Multiple causes, one effect This kind of work refers to the situation when one effect is a result of multiple causes. The paper should consist of five paragraphs, introduction and conclusion, and three sections wherein each one describes one cause. Variation #2: One cause, multiple effects Unlike the previous variant, this type of essay writing is used for situations when a single cause induces a multitude of effects. Five paragraphs make up the outline of the essay, introduction and conclusion, and three sections for each effect. Variation #3: Domino effect (causal chain) The last variant of this kind of essay refers to instances when a single cause leads to a certain effect. Then, that effect leads to some other situation, and so on. Every situation might have different causes and effects that you have to mention and elaborate. For domino effect essay you’ll need to construct seven paragraphs: introduction and conclusion, and five causal link sections. Writing your cause and effect essay Now that you know how the outline of your essay should look, you can proceed to the writing process. It’s always useful to have a schematic demonstration of your outline on a piece of paper. This will help you with the context, research, and ensures you don’t drift away from the subject, which happens sometimes. This part is just the accumulation of your plans, notes, and details gathered, and it happens to be the most demanding aspect of essay writing. You have to showcase your knowledge about the topic as well as your vocabulary and discuss the given subject to keep the reader’s eyes locked on the paper. Below, you can see valuable tips that will help you construct each part of your essay. Introduction As always, your essay starts with the introduction. Although very overlooked, the intro is vital. It sets the tone, catches reader’s attention, and creates a sound basis for the entire paper. This part shouldn’t be too long; a few sentences are enough. Start by quoting someone, mentioning some general info or anecdote and move your way to the thesis statement. Thesis statement informs the reader what he or she will read about; it also navigates the course of your essay. The introductory part should end with a thesis (one to two sentences long). Here are some thesis tips for cause and effect essay: Variation #1 – mentions the general effect of the situation and names three causes that led to it Variation #2 – mentions one specific cause that created numerous effects Variation #3 – names the first and last part of the causal link chain The thesis statement should be precise and easy to understand. The last thing you want is to create confusion that would prevent professor (or client) from reading the rest of the text you wrote and submitted. Causes/effects paragraphs Sections that elaborate causal links, causes and effects are the central part of your work. Each cause or effect should be divided to different paragraph to create a clear flow of situations and consequences. Let’s say you have to write about global warming; it’s not enough to mention pollution, deforestation, and so on. You have to provide accurate and reliable info that will confirm that they, indeed, contribute to the problem you specified. Whenever you use some information, website, study, or journal don’t forget to acknowledge it. Plus, mentioning reliable sources only contributes to the quality of your paper. For that purpose, it’s wise to avoid personal blogs and unreliable websites, despite how tempting they might seem. Research and organizing info you found are crucial for the quality of your text. Organization is the key, and you can do it in a few different ways: Chronological order – arrange details in order they occurred According to importance – organize info from the least important to the most importance or vice versa Categorical manner – divide the topic into different parts or categories and arrange details accordingly Once you’re done describing one causal link, effect, or cause, you’re ready to move to the next paragraph, and so on. However, you just can’t just skip from one subject to another. Instead, you should make a smooth transition to retain the logical flow and avoid choppiness. To accomplish this, you can start navigating the subject to the one you’re going to discuss in the next paragraph by mentioning something they have in common. This will allow you to elaborate the next cause/effect/causal link without making it look weird. You can also use transitional words for both causes and effects. Causes: Due to Because First Second Since Another is On cause is Effects: Consequently As a result Thus Resulted in Therefore Thereby One result is Conclusion The importance of conclusion is underestimated, but you shouldn’t ruin your hard work on the essay with a wrong conclusion, right? Conclusion should: Restate the topic and why it’s important Summarize causes and effects discussed Call for action regarding the subject i.e. why we should help fight global warming and what could happen if we don’t Keep this in mind Don’t forget your purpose: are you writing the essay to inform a reader about causes/effects or your aim is to persuade someone? Limit yourself onto causes that are close in time and related i.e. they should have a direct relationship Improve the quality of your essay with facts, definition of some terms, statistics, examples, and so on Be precise and on point, don’t exaggerated effects or causes just to prove your point Don’t say â€Å"evidence† or â€Å"proof† if you’re not going to support those words with actual evidence. The information isn’t automatically valid just because you write â€Å"a growing body of evidence supports†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Bottom line Cause and effect essay aims to discuss the situations where one (or more) causes lead to one (or more) events. To write this paper and get positive feedback, you just have to know how to create an adequate structure, and this article taught you that. With a little bit of practice, you’ll find it incredibly easy. In fact, why don’t you start now? Write cause and effect essay about global warming and see how you’ll do.

Young Goodman Brown Example

Young Goodman Brown Example Young Goodman Brown – Book Report/Review Example Young Goodman Brown Young Good Brown is a canon written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The prolific uses both symbolism and imagery to relay the exciting piece of literature. Brown, who is the protagonist in the story, leaves his wife Faith to go to an unknown destination. Brown, who is young and naive, is persuaded his wife to stay home through the night. However, he does not hide to his calls and instead leaves unceremoniously to the darkness (Hawthorne, 2005, p.1).In the last paragraph of page 8, Brown is initiated in what seem to appear as a cult that practices devil worshipping. Shockingly, he discovers that his lovely wife is in the evil activity that is widespread among the local community. He is convinced that Faith too is part of the wicked ratchet of devil worshipers because of the ribbon that she has which symbolizes the membership of the cult. Brown is disgusted given that it seems that he had not learned his wife prior to marrying her. Out of the disbelief of the unfolding even ts, he shouts his wifes name loudly. He remains unsure about his wife’s reaction after having discovered that he was in the middle of a dream (Hawthorne, 2005, pp.8-13). Coincidentally, the next morning, Mr. Brown meets the religious leader he had dreamt the previous morning. The head seemed to be preparing for the sermon for the day. Brown resented him because he felt that he was preaching water while at the same time drinking wine. During the day, he seemed he behaved like a saint but in the night he practiced devil worshiping and witchcraft. The bad dream Brown haunts him while attending the church service. According to the piece, religion has become so much hypocritical with people using religion as a cover up for their evil deeds (Hawthorne, 2005, pp.8-13).Work CitedHawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. Wild side. Press LLC, 2005.

Strategies in Striving for Peak Performance and Applying to Sales in Essay

Strategies in Striving for Peak Performance and Applying to Sales in the Insurance Industry - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the companies need to improve their efficiency level and productivity through the greater degree of flexibility and innovation under constant internal as well as external pressure. Since the insurance companies provide services that can be counted under the purview of the retail industry, the selling capabilities of the employees are constantly challenged. Employees not only require technologies but need to integrate creativity in their approaches for better productivity. With a number of players in the market, the insurance business is about to touch the saturation point. This explains that even though the services are increasing, the buyers of services are declining at a steady rate. As a result, employees and managers are facing tremendous work pressure giving rise to feelings of frustration and low motivation. In this respect, people management in insurance companies has assumed a highly prioritized position. Managers are getting instructions from high er authorities to supplement the traditional method of motivation with various contemporary approaches so as to uplift the working spirit of employees at a different level. Keeping in view the current scenario of the insurance industry, the present paper focuses on various motivational strategies and skills that can be implemented therein. The objective and purpose of this piece of work are to examine various motivational theories and its implication in the insurance industry. In simple words, motivation can be defined as rationales underlying a particular behavior. Broussard and Garrison defined it as an attribute that influences the individual to undertake a particular activity. In the broad sense, it is a set of beliefs, values, perceptions, actions, and interests that are highly interlinked. In the following section, various motivational theories have been discussed which will be further discussed in the context of the insurance industry in the later section. In a stress environ ment similar to that of the insurance industry, it is very natural for employees to develop feelings such as aggression, discomfort, and frustration due to monotony and repetitive nature of the task. Motivation can be considered as an important antidote to the given problem of low morale.

Western Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Western Civilization - Essay Example According to Thucydides, Hobbes & Greene (1989), in the speech, Pericles depict the society of Athens as democratic. He purports that democracy allows men to advance based on merit and not because of wealth or what they inherit. The speech describes the society of Athens as one where citizens portray lawful behavior without any fear. Pericles observe that the system of governance in Athens does not assert that imitate laws of their neighboring countries. Thucydides, Hobbes, & Greene (1989) Democracy in Athens comes out clearly when Pericles says that the administration system respects the multitude. Therefore, the society of Athens can be described as democratic since it gives all the citizens equal rights and freedom. Thucydides write that the Athens constitution favors the majority and not a few. The laws offer equal justice to all people, in cases of private conflicts and differences. Pericles note that the Athens society does not favor people based on class differences. Merit takes precedence in all aspects of the democratic Athens society. Additionally, democracy in Athens gives equal chances to those who want to serve the state. Pericles maintain that freedom and democracy enjoyed in Athens spreads to the ordinary life (Thucydides, Hobbes & Greene, 1989). I feel that Pericles did not idealize or exaggerate the Athenian democracy. He portrayed positivity and strength to his people, which many followed. Pericles can be described as a powerful and confident leader; people followed actions of Pericles governance. Lysistrata conveys her opinion concerning the place of women in the Greek society. She is against the fact that the Athens democracy only consists of men. Lysistrata has the feeling that the Greek society does not recognize women’s strength and abilities. In her opinion, women have similar abilities to men and can do everything, which men can do. In Periclean Athens, women did not

Collective memory and Public Discourse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Collective memory and Public Discourse - Essay Example The foundation of Christian faith is based on the existence of Jesus Christ, the Son of God who was sent to save the world from sin by dying on the cross and rising from the dead after three days. Christ's resurrection gives assurance of a life after death and through faith with Jesus salvation is assured among his faithful followers. These concepts are supported by a known document called Scriptures, obtained from archeological explorations and other preserved documents, and other non-written accounts they refer to as traditions. Much of the information concerning Jesus, however, can be obtained from the New Testament, which is the second part of the Bible and covers the times after the death and believed resurrection of Jesus Christ. But varying interpretations of these writing and traditions led to new ideas and concepts as society evolved and created variations in the Christian faith the leads to creation of several branches. Today, the Christian faith has several subdivisions each one having created within an understanding and ideals based from Scriptures, from tradition, or both. In general the foundation of every group of Christians are based on strong faith which emanated from a concept or inspiration developed by a charismatic leadership and then later evolved into an organized society congregated by those who accepted the ideals presented. Christian organizations presently recorded include: The Amish, Baptist churches, Church of England, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Church of Scotland, Eastern Orthodox Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Methodist Church, Pentecostalism, Roman Catholic Church, and Seventh-day Adventists among others. Within these major denominations are a lot of variations that existed and spread throughout the world. The Roman Catholics The largest among the subdivisions of Christianity is the Roman Catholicism (BBC) who claimed to be the first of the Christian religions and from which other groups sprung off. Its history can be traced back to as far as 2000 years back. The church was based in Rome headed by the Pope who was claimed to be the successor of Peter who in turn was the first head of the Christian Church instituted by Jesus Christ himself. The doctrines of the Catholics are unique in the sense that it considers both the scriptures and the church own traditions. Issues of Protestantism Belief in traditions, among others such as the control of the Pope over the church, the increased devotion to Mary, Christmas, Easter, the Rosary, the Idols, and others are common point of divergence of other Christian denominations that believed the "scriptures alone" as the source of inspirations, guidelines, and rules in following God. Among these groups who questioned traditions are the contemporary evangelical churches that emerged in the early 17th century and onwards. Today, a public discourse is raging over the use of corruptible collective memory-based traditions as against a written document alone as the basis of faith and social practices in Christian organizations. Critics to the Catholic practice argued that traditions are not reliable social guidelines to followers of Christ for they do not qualify to be divinely inspired. They pushed the idea of "Sola Scriptura" or the scripture alone as the source of divine revelation.

The Foreign Exchange Market

The Foreign Exchange Market The foreign exchange market is the market where one currency is traded for another. This market is somewhat similar to the over the counter market in securities. The trading in currencies is usually accomplished over the telephone or through the telex. With direct dialing telephone service anywhere in the word, foreign exchange markets have become truly global in the sense that currency transactions now require only a single telephone call and take place twenty four hours per day. The different monetary centers are connected by a telephone network and video screens and are in constant contact with one another, thus forming a single international foreign exchange market. However, the currencies and the extent of the participation of each currency in this market depend on local regulations, which vary form country to country. Chapter 1 deals with the introduction and conceptual framework of foreign exchange market in India. It also deals with the structure of Indian Forex Market. Chapter 2 deals with the literature review of organization and regulation of forex market as well as management of exchange risk, exchange rate mechanism. Chapter 3 deals with the methodology adopted in the research process outlining the objectives of the study, methods of data collection and limitations faced while conducting the study. Chapter 4 deals with the data analysis of the foreign exchange market in India. It covers the long term and short term factors which account to the problems. Chapter 5 deals with the conclusion, recommendations and future prospects of forex market in India. Chapter1 Conceptual Framework of forex Market Theory of Foreign exchange The term foreign exchange is normally used to denote foreign currency surrendered or asked for in any of its current forms, i.e. a currency note or a negotiable instrument or transfer of funds through cable or mail transfer or a letter of credit transaction requiring sale and purchase of foreign exchange or conversion of one currency into another, either at the local center or an overseas center. The banks, dealing in for exchange and providing facilities for conversion of one currency into another or vice versa are known as Authorized Dealers or Dealers in Foreign Exchange. A bank is said to buy or sell foreign exchange when it handles the claims drawn in foreign currency or the actual legal tender money, i.e., foreign currency notes and coins of other countries. The theory of Foreign exchange covers different means and methods by which the claims expressed in terms of one currency are converted into another currency and specifically deal with the rates at which such conversion takes place. With partial or complete exchange control, as exercised by countries since World War II exchange markets are no longer free. Exchange rates today are not entirely determined by market forces but are officially fixed and maintained by Central Monetary Authorities. Fluctuations in exchange rates are permitted by authorities only within narrow limits,. And official rates often very different to what they would be if natural forces were allowed to operate. Forex Markets The foreign exchange market, like the market for any other commodity, comprises of buyers and sellers of foreign currencies. The operations in the foreign exchange market originate in the requirements of customers for making remittances to and receiving them from other countries. But the bulk of transactions take place among banks dealing in foreign exchange for their own requirements as they do cover operations. Banks undertake large and frequent deals with other banks through the agency of Exchange Brokers, and it is these deals which give the market its significance. In addition, there are other transactions which take place in the foreign exchange market. All transactions of the exchange market may be divided into five categories: Transactions between banks and their customers. Transactions between different banks in the same centre. Dealings between banks in a country and their correspondents, and overseas branches. The purchase and sale of currencies between the central bank of a country and the commercial banks. The transactions of the central banks of one country, with central banks of other countries. There is not much difference between one market and another as far as the international transaction between markets at different centres is concerned. But local dealings, among members of the same market are organized in two different forms. One of them is the pattern adopted in Great Britain, U.S. A. and some other countries, where foreign exchange dealers never meet each other but transact business through a network of telephone lines linking the banks, with exchange brokers who act as intermediaries. In India also the foreign exchange market is organized on these lines. The other type is the markets in countries of Western Europe, where the dealers in Foreign exchange meet on every working day at a meeting place for business proposals-They fix the exchange rates for certain kind of business particularly with-customers. The foreign exchange markets in these countries are like commodity exchange or stock exchange. However, the global important of these markets, is comparatively smal l. Indian Foreign Exchange Market The Indian foreign exchange market, broadly concentrated in big cities, is a three-tier market. The first tier covers the transactions between the Reserve Bank and Authorized Dealers (Ads). As per the Foreign Regulation Act, the responsibility and authority of foreign exchange administration is vested with the RBI. It is the apex body in this area and for its own convenience, has delegated its responsibility of foreign exchange transaction functions to Ads, primarily the scheduled commercial banks. They have formed the Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India which framers rules regarding the conduct of business, coordinates with the RBI in the proper administration of foreign exchange control and acts as a clearing house for information among Ads. Besides the commercial banks, there are money- changers operating on the periphery. They are well-established firms and hotels doing this business under license from the RBI. In the first tier of the market, the RBI buys and sells for eign currency from and to Ads according to the exchange control regulations in force from time to time. Prior to the introduction of the Liberalized Exchange Management System, Ads had to sell foreign currency acquired by them from the primary market at rates administered by the RBI. The latter too sold pounds sterling or US dollars, spot as well as forward, to Ads to cover the latters primary market requirements. But with the unified exchange rate system, the RBI now intervenes in the market to stabilize the value of the rupee. The second of the market is the inter-bank market where Ads transaction business among themselves. They normally do their business within the country, but they can transact business also with overseas bank in order to cover their own position. Through they can do it independently, they do it normally through a recognized broker. The brokers are not allowed to execute any deals on their own account or for the purpose of jobbing. Within the country, the inter-bank transactions can be both sport and forwards. These may be swap transactions. Any permitted currency can be sued. But while dealing with the overseas Ads, because the Indian market lacks depth in other currencies; the Indian banks can deal mainly in two currencies, viz, the US branches must cover only genuine transactions relating to a customer in India or for the purpose of adjusting or squaring the banks own position. Forward trading with overseas banks is also allowed if it is done for the above two purpose, that is for cov ering genuine transactions or for squaring the currency position, and does not exceed a period of six months. In case the import is made on deferred payment terms and the period exceeds six months, permission has to be obtained from the RBI. Cancellation of forward contracts is allowed in India, although it has to be referred to the RBI. Previously, the banks used to get the forward transactions covered with the RBI, but since 1994-95 the RBI has stopped giving this cover and has permitted the banks to trade freely in the forward market. Cancellation of a forward contract involves entering into a reverse transaction at the going rate. Suppose US $1,000 was bough forward on 1 February for three months at Rs. 40/US $. On 1 March, it is cancelled involving selling the US dollar at the rate prevalent on this day. If the exchange rate on 1 March is Rs. 39.50/US $ there will be a loss of Rs. 500 (the dollar sold for Rs. 39.5 minus dollar bought at Rs. 40.00). The loss is borne by the customer. If the value of the US dollar is greater on the cancellation day, the customer shall reap the profit. The third tier of the foreign exchange market is represented by the primary market where Ads transact in foreign currency with the customers. The very existence of this tier is the outcome of the legal provision that all foreign exchange transactions of the Indian residents must take place through Ads. The tourists exchange currency, exporters and importers exchange currency, and all these transactions come under the primary market Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Organization And Regulation of Forex Market The Foreign Exchange department, which is also being called as the International Banking Division, is one of the important departments of the banks operating in international market. In India also all scheduled commercial banks, both in the nationalized or non-nationalized sectors, do have Foreign Exchange departments, both at their principal offices as well as offices, in metropolitan centers. This department functions independently under the overall change of some senior executive or a senior officer well-versed in foreign exchange operations as well as in the rules and regulations in force from time to time pertaining to foreign exchange transactions advised by various government agencies. The principal function of a Foreign exchange department is to handle foreign inward remittances as well as outward remittances; buying and selling of foreign currencies, handling and forwarding of import and export documents and giving the consultancy services to the exporters and importers. Besides this, the department also gives the financial assistance in relation to the foreign trade, i.e., it gives assistance to the exporters by way of financing the exports and imports by giving them the financial assistance to clear the consignments or open a letter of credit. The department issues letters of credit for their importer clients and handles letters of credit received from overseas correspondents in favour of exporters from India. Issuance of Performance and the Bid Bond guarantees and tender document is also one of the important functions of the banks that are dealing I foreign exchange. In India, the banks doing foreign exchange business are issued a license to this effect by the Reserve Bank of India under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973. No bank, not having such license to deal in foreign exchange, can handle foreign exchange operations. Besides Authorized Dealers, licenses are also issued to the Dealers with limited powers to change foreign currency notes, coins and travellers cheques. Such licensees are known as Authorized Money Changers. 2.1 Organisation of A Foreign Exchange Department The foreign exchange department of a medium or large sized-bank can be divided into various department and sections such department are locked after by a senior person not lower than the category of a branch manager having both administrative and operational know-how as well as discretionary powers for advances required from time to time by the clients. The in charge of the department functions independently within the overall framework laid down by the Management of the bank. The in charge is assisted in hid day-to-day work by a team of officers, and workmen. One of the important functions of the Foreign exchange department, beside banking operations, is to maintain liaison and correspondence relations with overseas banks who may be their correspondents. SECTION OF THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT The Foreign exchange department is divided into number of sections, each one equally important and looked after by one officer or a department head. A particular section can be sub-divided into sub-section with specific duties allotted. The sections in Foreign exchange department can be broadly stated as under: 1. Dealers Section This section is the nerve of the foreign exchange department as the exchange rates are computed and advised by this section. The exchange rates are the on a foreign exchange and so any incorrect fixation of rates (price) will turn the profits of the bank into losses and instead of earning from the foreign exchange transactions, the bank may keep on losing. This section is headed by an officer who is called a Dealer. In the morning, before the banking hours begin, the exchange rates of various currencies are computed. The rates are computed on the basis of certain fixed principles which may by either market quotations or any such approved channel. In India, the Dealer works out the exchange rates on cross rate method based on the sterling rate schedule fixed and advised by FEDAI vis-à  -vis the previous days closing rates in London market. This department calculates and advised both the ready rates as well as forward rates as and when requested. Besides rate computation, it also look s after the foreign currency accounts of the bank and supervises the balancing position in foreign currency accounts maintained abroad. It also controls the exchange position of the department and reconciles the various entries put forth by other sections both for buying as well as selling of foreign exchange. In addition, the section also calculates and tabulates the statistical data required by the principal office of the bank concerned, as well as the Exchange Control Department of the Reserve Bank of India. Such statistics prepared by the bank are to be reported to the authorities on the prescribed forms at the prescribed intervals. This data is very essential and of prime important as the Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments position is arrived at only from the statistics provided by the banks. From the data available from the banks even the import policy is formed and other fiscal measure adopted by the monetary authorities from time to time depend. This section can be further sub-divided into following subsections: Rate calculation and advising Forward Exchange contracts Foreign currency Accounts Exchange position and control, and Reconciliation of Foreign Currency Accounts. 2. Foreign Remittances Section This section deals with the inward and outward remittances received in the country and sent outside, both on behalf of the transactions taken up by residents and non-residents. Foreign remittances are carried out in the form of cable transfers, mail transfers, demand drafts, travelers cheques and payment instructions by letters. All these forms are widely used both for inward remittances as well as outward remittances. The officer of this particular department has to be quite well-versed with various regulations in force from time to time and the amendments thereto as strict exchange control regulations are prevailing specially in case of outward remittances in developing and underdeveloped countries, due to the adverse balance of payments position, depleting foreign exchange reserves, and available resources required to meet with development programmes and national exigencies. This department also keeps Test Key arrangements used for transmitting the instructions by cable, as in cab le transfers no signature of the remitting bank is possible. So messages are computed with a particular number known as code or cipher. This code or cipher is recomputed at the other centre on the basis of the test arrangements exchanged between the two banks. In foreign exchange, whatever the reason may be irrespective of the amount, the entire gamut is focused around the inward and outward remittances and so this section is of prime importance. The remittances are converted into local currency in case of inward remittances and in foreign currency in case of outward remittances at the prevailing rate of exchange on the date of each transaction or a forward exchange rate if exchange rate if exchange is already booked earlier. So, the remittance department has to keep a close contact with Dealers section, both for getting the rates and also advising them the funds position which changes from time to time due to the remittances flowing in either direction. 3. Import Section Import section can be sub-divided into import letters of credit both opening and payment thereof, issue of Bid guarantees, performance guarantees and guarantees to Government agencies for release of import consignment, import documents received on collection basis and imports on consignment basis. Import section has to keep in touch with latest developments in international markets as well as the rules and regulations in force in various centres to take up the import business at right earnest without violating the rules and regulations. Both in developing and developed countries, there are Import and Export Trade Control Regulations and such regulations are enforced through a licensing procedure. Hence the Import section has to take care of the Import Trade Control Regulations as well as Exchange Control Regulations before allowing import transactions to be put through. 4. Export Section The section deals with various exchange operations arising out of export trade. The principal functions of this sub-section are: Advising and confirming letters of credit received from abroad: Extending financial assistance to exporters as and when required. Acting as an agent for collection on behalf of the clients; Negotiation of export bills drawn under letters of Credit whereby the dealer acts as an agent of overseas bank and facilitates smooth function/operation of international trade; and Acting as an authorized channel appointed by Central Banking Authority to receive the export proceeds. 5. Statistics Section This section collects the sales and purchase figures from various departments along with necessary exchange control forms, tabulates then and submits a periodical report by way of statements and returns to the Exchange Control Department of the Reserve Bank of India under whose authority it operates. This reports is also being submitted from time to time in one form or the other to the head office of the concerned bank to enable it to compile the overall position of the foreign exchange preferably of the bank as a whole. 2.2 Exchange Regulation in India Exchange Control Regulations were first introduced in our country on 3rd September, 1939 at the outbreak of World War II. The control was introduced under the guidelines of Bank of England and also as a measure under the Defence of India rules to conserve and augment the foreign exchange resources of India to meet the defence requirements for Britishers. It primary objective was to conserve the foreign exchange resources, which needed to be diversified due to changed circumstances. It was initially introduced as a temporary device to meet the emergency situation arisen due to Second World War. In May, 1944 the Defence of India Rules were lifted and all emergency provisions promulgated during the Defence of India Rules were ineffective. But the Government of India was not in a position to lift the Exchange Control Regulations due to the strain on the sterling balances; The Exchange Control Regulations were kept alive under a new law named as Emergency Provisions Continuance Act of 1994. The Exchange Control was put on a permanent Statute and the First Foreign Exchange Regulations Act came into existence on 25th March, 1947 as a full fledged foreign Exchange Regulations Act. The system of control adopted in 1947 was structurally identical to provisions laid down in 1939 at the inception of the control, but important changes in detail were introduced in FERA 1947 to meet the specific requirements of the situation and to protect the interests of independent India. The Foreign Exchange Regulations Act (FERA) of 1947 has now been replaced by the FERA, 1973. Basic structure of the Exchange Control Regulations is till not very much divergent that the earlier ones, but keeping in view the economic conditions and balance of payments positions, certain new provisions have been included and the control has been made more comprehensive. Under the Act of 1973, the Authorized Dealers have been given wider powers for releasing foreign exchange to the residents in India and a strict view has been taken of the non-resident interests. I) BROAD FEATURES OF EXCHANGE CONTROL There is an elaborate machinery to enforce Exchange Control Regulations in our country. The machinery comprises of the controller of the Exchange Control department of the Reserve Bank of India at the helm of affairs, which in turn has empowered the Banks dealing in foreign exchange to deal with general public for their foreign exchange requirements. This authority enforces the provisions of the Foreign Exchange Regulations Act and has the powers to deal with any infringement or violation of the provisions of the Act. II) THE FERA AND THE EXCHANGE CONTROL MANUAL All the provisions of the FERA have been transcribed in the banking terminology by the Reserve Bank of India to facilitate the day to day transactions between Reserve Bank, between the various dealers and the general public. Exchange control in India is administered by the Reserve Bank of India in accordance with the general policy laid down by the Union Government in consultation with the Reserve Bank. The Bank has an Exchange Control Department which is entrusted with this functions. Under the system, the Reserve Bank is authorized to license export of gold, silver, currency notes, securities, and a variety of other transactions involving the sue of foreign exchange. For foreign exchange transactions, which the general public conducts with the authorized dealers in foreign exchange, the Reserve Bank of India has laid down general instructions for the guidance of the latter. The directions cover all transactions relating to imports and exports, foreign travel payments, family maintenance remittances by foreign nationals, transfers of investment income, capital transfers by foreign and Indian Nationals and other invisible items. Some of these transactions particularly those pertaining to capital transfers, have to be referred by the authorized dealers to the Reserve Bank for its prior approval. Some remittances may, however, be made by the authorized dealers without prior approval of the Reserve Bank, such as those for foreign Nationals seeking to remit a part of their, earnings for the maintenance of their families abroad, provided the amounts are within limits specified by the Reserve Bank. The institutional framework of the exchange control system also compromised of a special machinery for enforcement and for dealing with any infringements of the provisions of the Act. The function is entrusted to the Directorate of Enforcement attached to the Union Ministry of Finance. The directorate deals with offenders who violate the control provisions and is authorized to take punitive action. It is also empowered to adjudicate in certain cases of infringement. III) Purchases and Sales by Authorized Dealers Authorized dealers purchase and sell foreign currencies in accordance with the regulations. Purchase: They purchase T.Ts., M.Ts., drafts, bill etc., freely from banks and the general public. The receipt of remittances from any country is free and banks are, therefore allowed to purchase freely. Purchase of foreign currencies is also done from their overseas branches and correspondents for the purpose of making rupee payments into non-resident accounts in India and also for making payments to residents. The authorized dealers and authorized moneychangers purchase foreign currency notes, coins, and travellers, cheques from travellers coming from abroad. The amounts purchased are endorsed on the reverse of the customs stamped currency declaration forms of the travellers. Foreign currency notes and coins are also purchased from other authorized dealers and money changers. Sales; Sales of foreign currency are made by authorized dealers subject to control regulations. No remittances may be made to countries advised from time to time and no transactions may be carried out with persons, firms or banks residents in those countries. For the purpose of sales persons, firms, and banks residents in Nepal are treated as non- residents. 2.3 Exchange Rate Mechanism in India India is a founder member of the IMF. It followed the fixed parity system till the early 1970s as a result which the value of the rupee in terms of gold was originally fixed as the equivalent of 0.268601 gram of fine gold. In view of Indias long economic and political relations with England and membership of the sterling area from September 1939 to June 1972, the rupee was pegged to the pound sterling. The exchange rate was thus remained unchanged but the gold content of the rupee fell to 0.186621 gram. Again, with the devaluation of the Indian rupee in June 1996 the gold content fell further to 0.118489 gram. The following year, the pound was also devalued. This devaluation did have an impact on the rupee pound link, but the rupee was kept stable in terms of the pound. The latter continued as an intervention currency. In August 1971 when the system of fixed parity was under a cloud, the rupee was briefly pegged to the US dollar at Rs. 7.50/US $ and this continued till December 1971. The peg to the dollar was not very effective as the pound sterling remained to continue as the intervention currency. In December 1971, the rupee returned to the sterling peg at a parity of Rs. 18.9677/ £ with of course , a margin of  ±2.2 S percent. After the Smithsonian arrangement had failed and the pound had began to float, the rupee tended to depreciate. The reserve Bank then had to delink it from the pound sterling in September 1975 and link it with a basket of five currencies; but the pound sterling was retained as the intervention currency for fixing the external value of the rupee. The weight of different currencies forming the basket remained confidential and the exchange rate continued to be administered. The administered rate did not keep pace with the growing rate of inflation and this resulted in a widening gap between the real and the nominal exchange rates that was more evident during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Thus, when economic reforms were initiated in the country, the rupee was depreciated by around 20 percent in two successive instalments in the first weeks of July 1991. In absolute terms, depreciation occurred from Rs. 21.201/US $ to Rs. 25.80 /US $ From March 1992 a dual exchange rate system was introduced, in terms of which 40 percent of export earnings were to be converted at the official exchange rate prescribed by the Reserve Bank and the remaining 60 percent were to be converted at market determined rates. The US dollar was he intervention currency. From March 1993 the receipts on merchandise trade account and some of the items of invisible trade account came to be convertible entirely at the market determined rates on all items of current account. The adoption of the unified exchange rate system form March 1993 means adoption of a floating-rate regime, but it is a managed floating and the reserve Bank of India intervenes in the foreign exchange market in order to influence the value of the rupee. In the first two years, the value of the rupee remained stable but the onward, it has been depreciating despite RBIs intervention. 2.4 Management of Exchange Risk Risk Hedging tools in Forex Market In recent years financial markets have developed many new products whose popularity has become phenomenal. Measured in terms of trading volume, the growth of these products principally futures and options has confused traditional investors. Although active markets in futures and options contracts for physicals commodities have only recently attracted Internet. Multinational Companies normally use the spot and forward markets for international transactions. They also use currency futures, currency options, and currency futures options for various corporate functions. While speculators trade currencies in these three markets for profit, multilingual companies use them to cover open positions in foreign currencies. 2.4 (a) Forward contract Forward Exchange Forward exchange is a device to protect traders against risk arising out of fluctuations in exchange rates. A trader, who has to make or receive payment in foreign currency at the end of a given period, may find at the time of payment or receipt that the foreign currency has appreciated or depreciated. Ifthe currency moves down or gets depreciated the trader will be att a loss as he will get lesser units of home currency for a given amount of foreign currency, which he was holding. Similarly, an importer, who was contracted to make payment of a given amount in pound sterling at the end of a given period, may find that at the time of payment, the rupee sterling rate is higher. He would then have to pay more in rupees than what it would have been at the time when the contract was made. To protect traders against such risks of appreciation and getting lesser amount of home currency, there is a device in exchange market of booking forward exchange contracts. The emergence of forward exchange contracts has been due to the rate fluctuations and possible losses that the traders might have to suffer in their foreign exchange business. The forward exchange transaction is an umbrella which gives protection to the dealers against the adverse movement of exchange rates. The forward exchange market in fact came into existence when the exchange rates were highly unstable following the abandonment of the gold standard by most of the countries at the end of first and Second World Wars. There are other means of taking care of the risks of the adverse effects of the exchange rate fluctuations such as including the Escalation Clause in the sale and purchase contracts entered between the buyers and sellers or fixing a parity rate between the home currency and foreign currency and an y variation in the fixed parity entered into between the importers and exporters, the exchange risks will be passed on as per the terms of the contract. Escalation clause is more adaptable in contracts amounting to a very large volume,. especially in contracts entered into on deferred payment terms. Forward Exchange Contracts Under option forward exchange contracts, the customers has an option to receive or deliver the contract

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The Resurrection   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As Conrad begins to drift off he begins to envision the awful day of his brothers death. It was just like he was there all over again everything was so real. The dream covered every aspect of the horrifying event, but this time the end was a new beginning. As Buck released himself from the boat and drew closer and closer to the forever darkness of death Conrad froze as he did before. Once Buck had left the known world the same thoughts that plague him Conrad in reality started a dangerous flow beginning to take over his body. Before the deadly disease of guilt and anger grew to strong they were no longer in the water. Conrad was all alone in a solid white room with one door made of glass. On the other side of the four-inch plate glass door stood Buck. He was there with Conrad once again, but he wasn’t there at the same time. As they both stood there trying to find a way back to each other a cloud of darkness crept over the two young boys until everything th at was once white became blackened, the hope of being together was covered with the fear of everything that is gloomy. Visually his brother was gone, but Conrad had lost the sense of sight while gaining the ability to heat his brother. Everything that had troubled him since his brother’s death came to a discussion. â€Å"Buck I am so sorry that I didn’t save you! I wish everyday that it could have been me instead of you.† Conrad cried. In response Buck said sternly â€Å"What happened to me is no where close to your fault. Blame for my death rest completely on my shoulders if you had tried to save me both of our lives could have been lost and that would be a catastrophe.† As Conrad began to arise from his knee he questioned his brother â€Å"What can I do for you?† Buck began to answer â€Å" Conrad I am already gone no matter how much you mourn my death I will still only be a memory and a spirit. But you alive in the physical form and the only th ing I have is the hope that you will live your life with enough happiness for the both of us. The only life I have left is watching you grow and your life so far has only been comprised of sadness.

The Algarve is Portugal’s southern coast

The Algarve is Portugal's southern coast. It is about a hundred miles of marvellous sandy beaches. Most of the beaches round here have red lined cliffs and have unusual rock formations. The villages you find amongst the coasts are unspoilt and have spectacular views. Where ever you go you will find a great variety of bars, restaurants and cafes. The food round this part of Portugal is very cheap compared to other countries. You only have to spend a little money to eat out and enjoy your self. The nightlife here is fantastic and has a very energetic atmosphere. The rugged coastlines here are dazzling And have a very weird kind of atmosphere to them. Costa del Sol is quite famous for its towers and battles that took place in this historic place. The countryside here is studded with these towers and castles and between them tiny towns with huge fields filled with orchards of olive trees and other great delicacy's that this great city has to offer. After a tiring day you can go back to your apartment that is gigantic. (They include bathrooms and kitchens). The nightlife here can get a bit over crowded at times and this city has a tendency to get a bit over ecstatic. The people here are really friendly and help the visitors to fit in. Ibiza is the third largest of the Balearic Islands. Ibiza is renowned for its nightlife and partying that goes on on this island. The beaches here are glorious and the cliffs here are even better. The resorts here are magnificent but I suggest that you go and have a lie down on the boiling beach and after that go for a dip in the refreshing sea. The nightlife here is the best out of all the places I have been and I would like to go again. There are huge clubs that you can go to to have a good time and hang around with your friends or family. Ibiza is a place for young and old people and has a huge variety of sports and water sports that you can take part in. Tenerife is in the Canary Islands and is a great place to go to get a tan and enjoy yourself. The south of Tenerife under the cloudless sky the landscape is desert like. This is where two major holiday resorts have emerged. (Paya de Los Americas and Los Cristianos). From these magnificent places you can see the titanic sized mount Teide. This mountain is actually a volcano and at 3,700m high is Spain's highest peak. Tenerife gives off a fabulous 74-84à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½F right through April up until August when the temperature drops a little. The views here are tremendous and have to be seen. You can go trekking on the hills and see the sites and sounds. Rhodes is in Greece. Legend has it that Rhodes was a gift from Zeus to the sun god Helios and any holidaymaker will know why, its magnificent sunshine. Rhodes is known for its speciality of seafood. Rhodes has some of the best restaurants in Greece. There are many villages in Rhodes and most of them are covered with small roads and large trees scattered in the vast open fields. The cliffs are humongous and you can often find large caves in water and above. The Hotels are so big and spacious that you don't have to worry that a rooms going to be too small. The climate here is very good and can be extremely hot in the summers.

Ethical Lens Reflection

Ethical Lens Reflection US101 I use my reasoning skills (rationality) to determine what duties are as well as the universal rules that each person should follow (autonomy). By prioritizing the value of autonomy over equality my primary concern is prospecting individual rights. I believe this is always the best way to assure that everyone in the community is treated equally. Believing all person should follow the same set of universal rules so strongly that I resist making exceptions even when intuition suggests a more passionate result. I found this result to be very true of myself.My personal ethical lens may direct my academic behavior into the positives. If all is true as the ethical lens states then when I set my mind to a project, being the discussion questions or an assignment, I fulfill those tasks. Doing this will get everything in on time. My ethical lens influences my critical thinking knowing that I have to think things through, I ask questions when need be, and ensure all resources are verified as scholarly or peer reviewed. By following my ethics I will refrain from plagiarism making sure to cite or reference all sources as needed.Keeping my conscience clear in classes. One of my results was: Tools for analyzing problems, Reason. Using critical thinking skills is my preferred method for learning and problem-solving. It states that I tend to think through a problem carefully and dutifully research options to find the one that will allow myself to fulfill my duties. My focus on gathering and carefully analyzing all the available data so I can make fully informed decision. The classical value of Temperance shows that I value individual balance and restraint in the desire for pleasure as I seek to satisfy my duties.I also know who I am, so I can act with integrity in the exercise of all virtues. â€Å"I am responsible† is my key phrase. Because I value autonomy and rationality, I tend to assume that my own definitions of what a responsible perso n should do applies to everyone. I define an ethical person as one who fulfills their duties and does the right thing as an autonomous, fully responsible adult. For me, this is the fullest expression of fairness and justice. My gift of self-knowledge shows I am concerned with figuring out my duties, when I am at my best I know myself – I know what I am doing and why.Because of this, when I say that I will do something or care for someone, I follow through. I am also able to live in the present, to determine what I need to do at any given moment to fulfill my responsibilities. I risk being autocratic or bossy. I require everyone to do things my way in order to measure up ethically. I tend to not consider other interpretations of facts or listen to other approaches once I have made up my mind. If I am not paying attention I can be tempted to excuse myself from following the rules. I insist that I really am being true to my core values, even when I am not.I’ll convince my self that the rules were meant for other people or that the action I want to take really does meet my responsibilities, even though my responsible self tells me otherwise. My vice is that I can become overly judgmental and unrealistic. I must remember to think about the impact of a decision on the whole community. Sometimes individuals actually benefit by restraining autonomy for the good of the community. As I learn to consider other perspectives in my decision making process, I will live out the best of my ideals with compassion and care for others.Using the results from the aptitude competency exercise can help with my current career as well as in class. By focusing on customer needs and satisfaction; I can set high standards for quality and quantity; monitor and maintain quality and productivity, working in a systematic, methodical and orderly way, and consistently achieve project goals. By producing new ideas, approaches, or insights; I can create innovative products or designs , and produce a range of solutions to problems.

Interesting Green Sea Turtle Facts

Interesting Green Sea Turtle Facts Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) inhabit the beaches and offshore locations of 140 countries throughout the world. They are graceful and serene swimmers who migrate thousands of miles through warm subtropical and tropical oceans. All species of these beautiful reptiles are endangered or threatened. Fast Facts: Green Sea Turtles Scientific Name: Chelonia mydasCommon Name(s): Green sea turtle, black sea turtle (in the eastern Pacific)Basic Animal Group: ReptileSize: Adults grow to between 31–47 inches  Weight: 300–440 poundsLifespan: 80–100 yearsDiet:  HerbivoreHabitat: In warm subtropical and tropical ocean waters. Nesting occurs in over 80 countries, and they live in the coastal waters of 140 countriesPopulation: Two largest are the Tortuguero population on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (22,500 females nest there each season) and Raine Island in the Australian Great Barrier Reef (18,000 females nest).Conservation Status: Endangered Description Green sea turtles are distinguished by their streamlined shell or carapace, which covers their entire body except for flippers and head. The adult green sea turtle has an upper shell that blends several colors, gray, black, olive, and brown; its undershell, called a plastron, is whitish to yellow. Green sea turtles are named for the greenish color of their cartilage and fat, not their shells. While sea turtles have fairly mobile necks, they cannot withdraw their heads into their shells.   The flippers of sea turtles are long and paddle-like, making them excellent for swimming but poor for walking on land. Their heads are light brown with yellow markings. The green sea turtle has four pairs of costal scutes, large, hard scales which assist in swimming; and one pair of prefrontal scales located between its eyes. Westend61 - Gerald Nowak/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images Species There are seven recognized species of sea turtles, six of which are in the Family Cheloniidae (the hawksbill, green, flatback, loggerhead, Kemps ridley, and olive ridley turtles), with only one (the leatherback) in the family Dermochelyidae. In some classification schemes, the green turtle is divided into two species- the green turtle and a darker version called the black sea turtle or Pacific green turtle.   All sea turtles migrate. Turtles sometimes travel thousands of miles between cooler feeding grounds and warm nesting grounds. A leatherback turtle was tracked by satellite traveling over 12,000 miles for 674 days from its nesting area in Jamursba-Medi beach in Papua, Indonesia to feeding grounds off Oregon. Habitats, diet and the number and arrangement of these scutes are the primary ways to distinguish different sea turtle species. Habitat and Distribution Green sea turtles are found throughout the world in warm subtropical and tropical ocean waters: They nest on the beaches of over 80 countries and live on the coasts of 140 countries. Efforts continue to emphasize the tracking of sea turtle movement using satellite tags to learn more about their migrations and the implications their travels have for their protection. This may help resource managers develop laws that help protect turtles in their full range. Diet and Behavior The only herbivore of the extant sea turtle species, green sea turtles graze on seagrasses and algae, which in turn maintains and fortifies the seagrass beds. They migrate long distances between a wide range of broadly separated localities and habitats during their lifetimes. Tagging studies suggest that ones that nest at Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean west of Brazil feed on the Brazilian coast, up to 1,430 miles or more away.   Reproduction and Offspring Sea turtles mature at around age 25–30. The males spend their whole lives at sea, while females mate with the males at sea and then go to selected beaches to dig a hole and lay between 75 to 200 eggs. Female sea turtles may lay several clutches of eggs during a single season, then cover the clutches with sand and return to the ocean, leaving the eggs to fend for themselves. The breeding season occurs in late spring and early summer; the males can breed every year but the females only breed once every three or four years. After a two-month incubation period, the young turtles hatch and run to the sea, facing attack by a variety of predators (birds, crabs, fish) along the way. They drift at sea until they are about a foot long and then, depending on the species, may move closer to shore to feed. Threats Climate change, the loss of habitat, and diseases such as fibropapilloma- which causes benign but ultimately debilitating epithelial tumors on the surface of biological tissues- threaten green sea turtles today. Sea turtles are protected by a variety of national and state laws and international treaties, but hunting of live turtles and harvesting of eggs is still underway in many places. Bycatch, the accidental entanglement in fishing gear such as gillnets or shrimp trawling nets, is responsible for hundreds of thousands of turtle deaths and injuries each year. In addition, oceanic pollution and marine debris have been known to disturb and disrupt migration patterns. Vehicle traffic and development of beaches and light pollution of nesting regions disturbs hatchlings, who often go towards the light rather than towards the ocean. Rising sea temperatures from climate change also affect turtle populations. Because the incubation temperature of eggs determines the animals sex, populations in the northern Great Barrier Reef have experienced imbalances of populations with 90 percent or greater females. Conservation Status All seven species of sea turtles are listed under the Endangered Species Act. Due to conservation efforts, some populations are recovering: Between 1995 and 2015, the Hawaiian green sea turtle increased at a rate of 5 percent per year. Sources Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas). ECOS (Environmental Conservation Online System) U.S. Fish Wildlife Service.Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas. National Wildlife Fund.Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas. NOAA Fisheries.  Green Sea Turtle. World Wildlife Fund.  Luschi, P., et al. The Navigational Feats of Green Sea Turtles Migrating from Ascension Island Investigated by Satellite Telemetry. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 265 (1998). Print.Sea Turtle Conservancy. Information About Sea Turtles: Green Sea Turtle. Seminoff, J.A. Chelonia mydas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T4615A11037468, 2004. Spotila, James R. Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.Sea Turtles: Ambassadors of the Sea. State of the Worlds Sea Turtles, 2008. Waller, Geoffrey, ed. SeaLife: A Complete Guide to the Marine Environment. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 1996.

African-American Policy Agenda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

African-American Policy Agenda - Essay Example This is because not only this gives a chance for further learning on an already established base but it also ensures that norms and rules of society are followed. There was once a time when this education was passed on by father to son and so on. However with time the nature and content has become increasingly complex. Therefore special institutions are used to transfer this knowledge and it is called education. This education is therefore an important and integral step in making a human being a functional part of a society. Most of all education is necessary to find a good livelihood. As the level of education increases so does the income. This is because the numbers of muscle jobs are decreasing day by day. The uneducated workers usually end up working as janitors or cleaners. The most important aspect for any person life in today’s world is the economic aspect. Therefore if the economic aspect of life is weakened all other aspects are automatically affected. Thus uneducated people end up being driven away from main stream society. They do not only become a menace to other people but also develop a sense of contempt in general for everyone else. Most of these individuals end up engaging in unlawful activities at some point in their life. Therefore it can be safely say that lack of education increases the chances of making someone a criminal. According to United States Census Bureau survey of 2008 almost 12.4% of United Sates population consists of African Americans. African Americans are therefore also the largest minority of United States. These African Americans are primarily descendants of slaves who were brought to America from Africa during the periods of slave trade. The American society has evolved a lot during the last few decades. The problems for African American have still not totally vanished. They are not given the same access to education as other races in Americas. This has led to their isolation from main